What exactly is the definition, while the linguists utilize it? Is-it concerning the variations you to definitely nouns/pronouns takes? Is-it regarding intent behind the noun regarding phrase?
For example, into the Modern Greek, the newest ending out of nouns changes into circumstances. More nouns age circumstances in the event, thus “case” isn’t just throughout the mode (this new conclude), as well as regarding definition.
During the English, endings you should never changes. English is alleged not to have instances. However English can also be display a similar significance, regardless if this might be designated in other means than with endings, age.g. having fun with prepositions or word purchase.
Hungarian is claimed to possess many cases, however, as an indigenous audio speaker, I do not understand the difference between the newest suffixes used by Hungarian and prepositions used by English. That happens until the phrase, one other uses, however, or even it display a comparable kind of definition. In both languages, he’s a similar mode no matter what and this phrase they might be made use of which have. (Are appropriate, in the Hungarian the new endings change a little to admiration vowel equilibrium. But that isn’t similar to the new significantly other endings you to definitely Greek purposes for the very same instance.)
Into the Romanian schools, it is instructed one Romanian provides four cases. Although not, there is absolutely no huge difference anyway between the kind of nouns on nominative/accusative and you may dative/genitive sets. Whenever schoolchildren try asked to understand cases from inside the exercises, brand new difference in such pairs is performed based on meaning (that can easily be deduced e.g. regarding keyword purchase) and never the fresh conclude/form of nouns. This new “case” did not end up being identified in case the noun were not an integral part of a sentence.
Is there a precise and you will universal definition of situation within the linguistics, or perhaps is it just a term from comfort that is applied differently to different languages?
4 Responses cuatro
Discover several meanings away from situation, although differences in traditional conditions ranging from languages also only have a lot to do with different traditions to possess practise sentence structure.
Morphological situation
The original idea of “case” goes back to Greek and Latin traditional grammar. Inside context, it is highly connected to the thought of a noun’s (otherwise a keen adjective’s, because the adjectives was in fact experienced a kind of noun) declension otherwise inflectional paradigm. A great paradigm will likely be visualized while the a dining table that features additional inflected kinds of a phrase.
Even though the notion of “inflection” (in lieu of derivation) has many challenge of its very own, more often than not it’s pretty straightforward, thus I’m merely gonna imagine within respond to you to definitely our company is recognizing the theory one “inflection” is actually a meaningful name. Inflection is considered to be a type of morphology, although the selection anywhere between additional inflected kinds of a term was tend to conditioned by the syntactic environment. A familiar experience when you look at the morphology is syncretism, which is notion of in this situation as an effective situtation where in fact the inflectional paradigm away from a term comes with collection of but officially similar variations. Elizabeth.grams. during the English, particular nouns has identical only 1 and you can plural forms (deer, sheep) and many verbs possess the same previous and provide variations (strike, shed).
You might normally promote synchronic facts to own syncretism by considering the entire morphological system from a words and you will watching in the event the particular words show distinctive line of models, regardless if someone else do not. Eg, in Latin, there are a pagina successiva number of third-declension nouns ending inside -is through identical nominative and you may genitive models in the just one (age.g. collis, collis m. ‘hill’) but some almost every other nouns keeps some other nominative and you can genitive versions from inside the this new just one (e.g. puer, pueri, meters. ‘boy’ and you may puella, puellae, f. ‘girl’). Which comprises facts that Latin morphology overall keeps an effective nominative-genitive change, whether or not not all the conditions keeps distinct nominative and you can genitive forms.
